Along with the increase in the number of 4G subscriptions from 9 million in 2011 to 4.7 billion in 2021, Ericsson reported that mobile networks carry 300 times more mobile data traffic than in 2011 . Over the past few decades mobile communications, along with data communications, have been growing rapidly . Consequently, the novel empiric metric provides better insights into the base station handling of handovers than the ping-pong rate defined by 3GPP. Furthermore, these findings are utilized for defining a new empiric metric used for evaluating the handover handling of pre-configured base stations. Findings show that the handovers under different conditions have different probabilities to become ping-pong handovers. In this paper, the conditions under which ping-pong handovers occur are analysed by using live, non-simulated data. The ping-pong rate is defined as a share of ping-pong handovers in total handovers, without taking into consideration the conditions under which they occur. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defines a metric called ping-pong rate in order to analyse what is the most adequate base station configuration concerning different user velocities and how well base stations handle handovers. These occurrences cause negative effects in terms of increased telecom operators signaling overhead and user dissatisfaction. However, issues appear when a mobile phone starts switching rapidly between two different cells in a short period of time, referred to as ping-pong handover. Accordingly, base stations are optimized to serve mobile phones with certain moving velocities based on an area and user characteristics to better handle handovers. The process of switching user devices between base station cells is called a handover. This means that mobile phones have to switch between base station cells in order to support the uninterrupted usage of all available services within the area of the mobile network coverage. One of the main aspects of mobile communications is mobility. The last decade has been characterized by a rapid increase in the usage of mobile communications.
0 kommentar(er)
